Economy of the state and fulfilling human needs. Quranic Perspective:


The basic duty of an Islamic State, as ordained in the Holy Quran is provision of 'ZAKAAT'. Thus it is said:


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1. Quran (22:41) "Those Mu'mineen are the people who if We grant them rule in the land, establish the way of life consistent with the Divine Laws and provide 'Zakaat'", means to provide 'Zakaat'. Thus the providing of Zakaat is the duty of an Islamic State. 'Zakaat' means the providing of the means of nourishment. As such it becomes incumbent upon the Islamic State to provide means of nourishment to the individuals, which includes both nourishment of the body as well as of the human potentialities. Thus it becomes the duty of an Islamic State to make such arrangements that the fulfillment of the basic necessities of life of each individual shall keep going, and also that their potentialities may develop. This is called 'Rabubiyyat' (providing of sustenance). The 'Rabubiyyat' of the entire universe is an attribute of Allah.


2.  Based on this principle, it becomes the responsibility of an Islamic State that no living object (human beings; may also include animals), in its domain, remains devoid of nourishment.


Quran (11:6) is Allah's commandment, which means that there is no moving creature* on earth, but its sustenance is the responsibility of Allah. In this respect the State becomes responsible to its individuals and their progeny for the fulfillment of their daily necessities of life; and tells them: Quran (17:31) "We are responsible for your sustenance and that of your offsprings."


3. The Islamic social order takes shape by means of a contract between the State and the individuals living in its domain. In this contract, the life and property of the believers are placed at the disposal of the state and in lieu of it, becomes the responsibility of the state to provide a life of peace and plenty (life of Jannat) to the individuals:

(9:111) "The Mu'mineen (those who profess Eemaan-belief in Allah) and the Divine Order enter into a treaty; the Mu'mineen place their persons and their wealth at the disposal of the Divine Order (sell them) and the Divine Order guarantees a life of peace and plenty (life of Paradise) for them in return." In this life of Paradise are included all the basic necessities of life, food, clothing, shelter etc. The Quran has introduced to us the paradisiacal life as follows; (20:118-119) "There is therein (enough provision) for you not to go hungry, nor to go naked, nor to suffer from thirst from the sun's heat". (Everything mentioned above is available without any undue labour).


4. In this society every individual retains for himself the proceeds of his labour according to his needs and gives over the rest of it for fulfilling the needs of others:


Quran (2:219) "(O Rasool!) They ask you as to how much (of their earnings) should they keep open for fulfilling the needs of the others; tell them whatever is over and above their (genuine) needs (16:71)". This system shall be established through the agency of the State; because the Rasoole has been ordained:


Quran (7:199) "Get the surplus from them". (This is the natural result of the above said treaty covenant _ therefore the question of taking by force does not arise). Those who earn less than their needs, or those who are not capable of putting in labour, do not take it by way of charity but they claim it as a matter of their right, from the collected surplus:

Quran (51:19) "In their wealth and possessions is the recognised right of the needy and the disabled."


5. According to the Economic System of the Quran, wealth cannot be accumulated. A severe warning has been given against accumulating wealth:

Quran (9:34-35) "O Rasool! These priests and monks, and their followers who (in the guise of their self-made 'Shariat') consider the system of capitalism as the will of Allah, and thus hoard heaps of gold and silver and do not make them available to the usage of humanity, announce unto them a grievous penalty. During the period of Divine System, these will be heated in the fire of Jahannam (hell), heat will be produced out of that wealth and with it their foreheads will be branded, their flanks and their backs: and this fire shall mount to their hearts (104:6-7): They shall be told, this is the treasure you had hoarded for yourself, so now taste (the treasure) you had buried.


Wealthy cannot be allowed to circulate wealth amongst themselves alone:Quran (59:7)








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